Design of a Sustainable Housing Complex in Haiti through Energy Modelling and Simulation Process

Abstract

This paper presents the results of design research for the development of a sustainable housing complex in Haiti using the energy modeling and simulation processes. This study explores architectural and sustainable design strategies to design a prototype sustainable housing complex in a tropical climate that applies specifically to Haiti. In this research, the history, geography, and culture of Haiti are briefly analyzed in the context of family unit, community and economic aspects. The climate conditions are analyzed in the context of residents' comfort, and the general guidelines are presented on how to design sustainable housing in tropical climate. The main research focus of this study is on the effectiveness of natural ventilation in the design of the Haitian housing complex. Due to the consideration of the poor economic situation of Haiti, especially after the massive earthquake in 2010, the design is focused on the passive strategies, not considering active mechanical cooling and heating systems. So, natural ventilation, as the main sustainable strategy of this study, is the key parameter to investigate using the EnergyPlus simulation program. Another following important parameter is the "adjusted comfort zone for Haitians.” The energy modeling and simulation technology is extensively used to make design decisions in this regard. The summary of this paper includes the proposed optimal design options and the adjusted comfort zone for Haitians. The effect of natural ventilation is also presented showing the improved indoor temperature and humidity levels of the proposed design compared to those of the conventional construction of Haiti.